Absence of Irregular Payments & Bribes By Firms

This sub-indicator assesses how common it is for firms to make undocumented extra payments or bribes connected with (a) imports and exports; (b) public utilities; (c) annual tax payments; (d) awarding of public contracts and licenses; (e) obtaining favourable judicial decisions. This sub-indicator is an aggregate of these five underlying variables and the calculation is done by MIF.