Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
Congo Republic
Côte d’Ivoire
DR Congo
Djibouti
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
São Tomé and Príncipe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Togo
Tunisia
Uganda
Tanzania
Zambia
Zimbabwe
The latest IIAG Report, details of the methodology, and many other useful documents are available to download on this website. You can find videos explaining the Index and how to read the results in our media materials portal or on our YouTube channel.
If you would like to discuss the IIAG and its findings please get in touch with our media team at [email protected].
Citing the IIAG
The Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG) is produced by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation (MIF) and refined biennially. Users of the Index should always reference the most recent version of the IIAG dataset to ensure accuracy and comparability.
The Foundation makes this data freely and publicly available because we believe transparency and access to knowledge are essential. In return, users are requested to attribute all use of this data to the Mo Ibrahim Foundation.
Please use the following attribution format, including for all graphics and visualisations:
- Reference: Mo Ibrahim Foundation, [Latest publication year] Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG). iiag.online.
We ask all users to observe the following:
- Do not misrepresent the data. Do not present IIAG scores or rankings in ways that are misleading, taken out of context, or that distort the Foundation's findings.
- Do not imply endorsement. Using IIAG data does not mean the Mo Ibrahim Foundation endorses your organisation, publication, product or conclusions.
- Do not remove attribution. If you reproduce or adapt IIAG data, do not remove, obscure or alter the credit to the Mo Ibrahim Foundation in any downstream use.
- Do not present the data as your own. The IIAG is the intellectual property of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation. Reproducing or publishing IIAG data without attribution – even when derived from our public data portal – is a breach and misrepresents the source of the work.
FAQs
What is the IIAG?
- The Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG) is a tool that measures governance performance in all 54 African countries. Published every two years, it looks at how well governments are delivering the public goods and services that citizens have a right to expect.
Why does the IIAG matter?
- To improve public governance, it must first be measured. The IIAG was created to provide the sound, comparable data needed to accurately measure performance. Governance affects people’s daily lives, from whether they feel safe, to whether they can access healthcare, education, justice, jobs and basic services.
What is the IIAG’s scale and scope?
- The IIAG covers all 54 African countries, five regions and eight Regional Economic Communities, providing the world’s most comprehensive assessment of governance on the continent. It draws on 319 variables from 59 datasets published by 51 African and international sources, covering distinct aspects of governance in 96 indicators.
How credible is the IIAG?
- The IIAG is independently built by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation (MIF) bringing together multiple data sources and rigorous analysis to develop robust governance scores that can be compared across countries and over time.
- Interim years between IIAG iterations are dedicated to framework and methodological review by the MIF research team, advised by a panel of statistical, governance and thematic experts.
What is the IIAG methodology?
- The IIAG brings together data from 51 independent sources and turns it into governance scores. Before data is included, it is carefully checked. The Foundation looks at whether it is relevant to governance, reliable, timely, accessible, credible and comparable across countries and over time. The aim is to make sure the IIAG is both robust and meaningful.
Download the full methodology.
How is the IIAG constructed?
- The Mo Ibrahim Foundation research team collects data both by automatic and manual means through Python code. This data is filtered, cleaned, put in a homogenous format and, in rare instances, re-coded in agreement with sources. After that, it is treated for outliers and normalised on a scale from 0.0-100.0. This makes the data, which exists in different units of measurement at source, comparable and aggregatable. In the last step, variables are aggregated into indicators, sub-categories, categories and, finally, Overall Governance using unweighted means.
- Based on the final dataset, the IIAG publishes scores and ranks for each country, year and measure, as well as ten-year changes and trends. Trends are an assessment of the pace of positive or negative change over the decade.
How often is the IIAG updated?
- The IIAG is published biennially, and data is always collected and published for the current decade under review. This ensures comparability as any methodological or framework refinements taking place in the interim year are applied to all ten years of the new series. Users of the Index should therefore always reference the most recent version of the IIAG dataset to ensure accuracy and comparability.
How can I access the data?
- The Mo Ibrahim Foundation provides the IIAG free of charge to all those with an interest in Africa and African governance. The dataset can be freely explored in four languages at iiag.online, with resources such as the latest Index Report, source data, Excel portal and methodology available for download.
